TurkeyπΉπ·
Turkey is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsular in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on Southeast Europe's Balkan Peninsular, sharing borders with eight countries. The neighboring countries are Greece, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. Relations with neighbor countries vary, generally peaceful with minor conflicts in the past. Turkey is famous for its rich cultural history with landmarks and structures dating back to the Ottoman and Byzantine eras. The country's top attractions include the Hagia Sophia, Blue Mosque, Grand Bazaar, and Topkapi Palace in Istanbul, and Cappadocia's unique rock formations and underground cities. Its distinct cuisine is a must-try, varying from region to region, with popular dishes like kebabs and baklava.
β οΈThings you should avoidβ οΈ
- Avoid criticism of the Turkish government or discussing sensitive political issues such as the Armenia issue or the situation with the Kurdish minority, as this can lead to troubles.
- Avoid drinking tap water in less developed and rural parts of the country due to the risk of waterborne diseases.
- Avoid travelling to the southeast region of the country near the Syrian border due to high risk of terrorism and violent conflict.
- Avoid showing overt affection in public if you're part of the LGBTQ+ community due to negative attitudes towards homosexuality.
- Avoid unlicensed money changers to prevent counterfeit currency and extreme exchange rates. Use banks or official money exchange offices.
- Avoid falling for common tourist scams usually involving overpriced goods or services, particularly in tourist hotspots.
- Avoid illegal drugs as Turkey has severe penalties for drug offences, including heavy fines, long prison sentences, and deportation.
- Avoid wearing revealing clothing when visiting religious sites out of respect for local customs and religion.
- Avoid using random taxis, especially at airports. Use official taxi stands or ride-hailing services instead to avoid scams.
- Avoid driving in Turkey unless necessary due to heavy traffic, erratic driving habits, and frequent road accidents particularly in cities like Istanbul.
Overall
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Crime π«
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Criminality in Turkey is generally intermediate but still lower than most European countries. Violent crimes are relatively low, but petty crime like bag snatching and pickpocketing are common in crowded areas and touristic hotspots. Major cities like Istanbul and Ankara, as well as tourist areas such as Antalya and Izmir, have higher crime rates. It's advisable for travelers to stay cautious and keep personal belongings secure.
Terrorism π£
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Terrorism is a significant concern in Turkey, majorly caused by domestic groups with differing political beliefs. Major incidents include the 2016 Ataturk Airport attack in Istanbul, where 41 people were killed, and the 2017 New Year's Eve nightclub shooting that resulted in 39 deaths. These incidents led to increased security measures.
War βοΈ
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Although Turkey has been involved in various conflicts, primarily along its southeastern border due to tensions with the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), the country is largely peaceful. The recent military interventions in Syria have escalated tensions but mostly affect the border regions. There is also an ongoing conflict with Greece over territorial waters, but it unlikely to escalate to full-fledged war.
Natural Disasters π
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Turkey is prone to natural disasters, primarily earthquakes due to its position between two major continental plates. The 1999 Δ°zmit earthquake, one of the deadliest in its history, resulted in around 17,000 deaths. Floods and landslides also occur, especially in the Black Sea region. Forest fires in summer are a concern, particularly along the Mediterranean and Aegean coasts.
Medical Care π₯
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Turkey has a good healthcare system, both government-run and private, mostly found in larger cities and towns. The country's medical facilities are well-equipped with modern technologies, and many healthcare professionals speak English. In rural areas, access to healthcare might be limited.
Tap Water Quality π§
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In most areas of Turkey, tap water is chlorinated and safe to drink, but its taste or smell may be unpleasant due to high chlorine content. In some regions, particularly remote and rural areas, tap water might not be safe for consumption. It's generally recommended to drink bottled water.
Disease Burden π€
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The burden of disease in Turkey is low, with the healthcare system effectively controlling most communicable diseases. However, non-communicable diseases like heart disease and diabetes have been on the rise.
Corruption πΈ
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Corruption remains a significant issue, despite several reforms and government measures. Issues such as bribery, nepotism, and political corruption exist. The controversial corruption scandal in 2013, involving several government officials, is an example.
Safety for Women βοΈ
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Safety for women is generally okay, but varies across the country. Harassment may occur, especially in major cities and crowded places. Solo female travelers should take standard precautions such as avoiding isolated areas at night and dressing modestly.
Safety for Queer People π¬
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While homosexuality is legal in Turkey, social attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community are often negative and conservative. Public displays of affection should be avoided, and caution should be exercised, especially outside major cities.
Censorship πΊ
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Censorship in Turkey is a significant concern, with government restrictions on internet usage and freedom of press. Social media platforms have been temporarily blocked during times of political unrest. Instances like the 2016 media crackdown following a failed coup attempt highlight these issues.
Public Transportation π
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Turkey has an extensive public transportation system, particularly in cities like Istanbul and Ankara. Services include buses, metros, minivans, trams, and ferries. Some incidents have been reported, like the 2016 Ataturk Airport taxi scam, highlighting the need for vigilance.
Other useful information
π How safe is it?
Despite some security concerns, Turkey is generally safe for tourists. Still, visitors should remain aware of their surroundings and take standard travel precautions. Places like Istanbul and popular coastal cities are safe, but travel near the Syrian border should be avoided due to conflict and terrorism risks. Scams involving high-priced goods and services target tourists and should be avoided.
π° Embassies in this Country
Numerous foreign embassies are located in Turkey's capital, Ankara, including those of the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and many others. There are also numerous consulates in Istanbul and other major cities.
π Recommended Vaccinations
For travel to Turkey, the CDC recommends vaccinations for Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Rabies, and influenza. The meningitis vaccine is advised for certain travelers, and routine vaccinations should also be up-to-date.
π Dangerous Animals
While encounters with dangerous animals are rare in Turkey, some potential threats including wolves, bears, and venomous snakes are found in remote mountainous regions. Jellyfish, octopuses, and sea urchins may pose threats in coastal waters. It's advised to respect animals' space and avoid touching them.
𧳠Visa Requirements
Visa requirements vary by country. Many travelers, including those from the EU, US, and Australia, can obtain a visa online ('e-Visa') prior to arrival. For a stay of up to 90 days in a 180-day period.
π² Currency
The official currency is the Turkish Lira (TRY). Exchange offices are commonly found in cities and larger towns. Using credit or debit cards is a convenient option in large cities, but cash is recommended in remote and rural areas.
π³ Credit Card Acceptance
Credit cards are widely accepted in Turkey, especially in hotels, restaurants, and stores in major cities. However, it's recommended to carry some cash for small businesses and in rural areas.
π§βπ Is it possible to work and travel in this country?
Yes, Turkey is a popular destination for work and travel, particularly for teaching English. However, foreigners should have a work permit from the Ministry of Labour and Social Security.
π΅ Cost of Travel and Living
The cost of living in Turkey is generally lower than in western European countries or the US. Food, public transportation, and accommodation are relatively affordable. However, tourist hotspots and luxury goods could be more expensive than expected.